Test 2

St. Andrews in Scotland is known as the home of golf.

In England, Wales and Northern Ireland, if an accused person is aged 10 to 17, the case is normally heard in a Youth Court in front of up to three specially trained magistrates or a District Judge. The most serious cases will go the Crown Court.

Skara Brae on Orkney, off the north coast of Scotland, is the best preserved prehistoric village in northern Europe, and has helped archaeologists to understand more about how people lived near the end of the Stone Age.

The National Trust was founded in 1895 by three volunteers.

Following the Black Death, the smaller population meant there was less need to grow cereal crops. There were labour shortages and peasants began to demand higher wages. New social classes appeared, including owners of large areas of land (later called the gentry), and people left the countryside to live in the towns. In the towns, growing wealth led to the development of a strong middle class.

Elizabeth I was the younger daughter of Henry VIII.

In the 19th century, Gilbert and Sullivan wrote comic operas, often making fun of popular culture and politics. These operas include HMS Pinafore, The Pirates of Penzance and The Mikado.

Loch Lomond and the Trossachs National Park is located in the west of Scotland.

The Queen of the United Kingdom is married to Prince Philip, the Duke of Edinburgh.

The official Church of the state is the Church of England (called the Anglican Church in other countries and the Episcopal Church in Scotland and the United States).

The first man to British Prime Minister was Sir Robert Walpole, who was Prime Minister from 1721 to 1742.

Lent begins on Ash Wednesday.

People over 75 can apply for a free TV licence and blind people can get a 50% discount.

Pubs are usually open during the day from 11.00 am (12 noon on Sundays).

The official home of the Prime Minister is 10 Downing Street, in central London, near the Houses of Parliament. He or she also has a country house outside London called Chequers.

Elections for the European Parliament are held every five years. Elected members are called members of the European Parliament (MEPs).

Dame Kelly Holmes won two gold medals for running in the 2004 Olympic Games. She has held a number of British and European records.

The population is very unequally distributed over the four parts of the UK. England more or less consistently makes up 84% of the total population, Wales around 5%, Scotland just over 8%, and Northern Ireland less than 3%.

The population of the UK in 2010 was just over 62 million people.

County Courts deal with a wide range of civil disputes. These include people trying to get back money that is owed to them, cases involving personal injury, family matters, breaches of contract, and divorce. In Scotland, most of these matters are dealt with in the Sheriff Court.

In Scotland the elected members, called MSPs, meet in the Scottish Parliament building at Holyrood in Edinburgh.

The rose is the flower associated with England.

Known in Scotland as ‘The Bard’, Robert Burns was a Scottish poet.

British film studios flourished in the 1930s.